High prevalence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli from large- and small-scale poultry farms in Bangladesh     

Hasan B  Faruque R  Drobni M  Waldenström J  Sadique A  Ahmed KU  Islam Z  Parvez MB  Olsen B  Alam M 《Avian diseases》2011,55(4):689-692

Antibiotic resistance in avian bacterial pathogens is a common problem in the Bangladesh poultry industry. The aim of the present study was to provide information on the present status of antibiotic resistance patterns in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in Bangladesh. Of 279 dead or sick poultry of different ages, 101 pathogenic E coli strains isolated from broilers and layer hens with colibacillosis infections were screened to determine phenotypic expression of antimicrobial resistance against 13 antibiotics used in both veterinary and human medicine in Bangladesh. Of 101 pathogenic E. coli isolates, more than 55% were resistant to at least one or more of the tested compounds, and 36.6% of the isolates showed multiple-drug-resistant phenotypes. The most common resistances observed were against tetracycline (45.5%), trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (26.7%), nalidixic acid (25.7%), ampicillin (25.7%), and streptomycin (20.8%). Resistance to ciprofloxacin (12.9%), chlormaphenicol (8.9%), nitrofurantoin (2%), and gentamicin (2%) was also observed, and none of the isolates were resistant to tigecycline as well as extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. One isolate was resistant to cefuroxime (1%), cefadroxil (1%), and mecillinam (1%) but was not an ESBL producer. Resistance rates, although significant in Bangladeshi isolates, were found to be lower than those reported for avian isolates from the Republic of Korea and clinical, avian, and environmental isolates from Bangladesh. The high level of antibiotic resistance in avian pathogens from Bangladesh is worrisome and indicates that widespread use of antibiotics as feed additives for growth promotion and disease prevention could have negative implications for human and animal health and the environment.  相似文献   

Clinicopathologic diagnosis of cutaneous toxoplasmosis in an Angora cat     

Kul O  Atmaca HT  Deniz A  Süer C 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(9-10):386-389

This report deals with a case of cutaneous toxoplasmosis in a 2 year-old female Angora cat. Cutaneous lesions were characterized by prescapular ulcers and hyperemic nodules in the skin of the inguinal and dorsosacral regions. A skin biopsy sample was collected from the lesioned area and processed for histopathologic examination and immunoperoxidase test using Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum specific antibodies. Toxoplasma gondii immunopositive reactions were detected in keratinocytes and dermal macrophages while no immunoreactivity was detected for N. caninum. The case of cutaneous toxoplasmosis was further confirmed by PCR analysis using T. gondii B1 gene-specific primers. In conclusion, we report the first case of cutaneous toxoplasmosis in Angora cats.  相似文献   

Prevalence and economic significance of bovine hypodermosis in Afyonkarahisar province of Turkey     

Hatice Cicek  Hasan Cicek  Mustafa Eser  Murat Tandogan  Hıfzı Oguz Sarımehmetoglu 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(1):17-20

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and economic losses due to in cattle of hypodermosis between May 2008 and April 2009 in Afyonkarahisar province of Turkey. A total of 6,598 cattle—3,498 in pasture and 3,100 in slaughterhouse—were examined for hypodermosis. One hundred ninety-five out of 6,598 cattle (2.96%) were found positive. Concerning this infestation rate, the prevalence of hypodermosis in field was 5.3%, whereas the prevalence was 0.3% in slaughter house. Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum were recorded in slaughter house. First-stage Hypoderma spp. larvae weren’t found in cattle organs in slaughterhouse. The annual economic loss on skins is estimated to be about 18,288 TL (currency exchange rate is 1 USD:1.499 TL).  相似文献   

Gestational diabetes mellitus with diabetic ketoacidosis in a Yorkshire terrier bitch     

Armenise A  Pastorelli G  Palmisano A  Sontas HB  Romagnoli S 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2011,47(4):285-289

A 6 yr old pregnant Yorkshire terrier bitch presented 62 days after mating with an acute history of vomiting and coughing. The owners also reported that the dog was polyuric and polydypsic for the last 2 weeks. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis revealed hyperglycemia, ketonemia, ketonuria, and metabolic acidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis was diagnosed and after emergency treatment, including fluid therapy, prophylactic antibiotics, and regular insulin, the bitch whelped six healthy normal puppies. Two weeks after treatment, the bitch was clinically normal with normal fructosamine levels. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of gestational diabetes mellitus in a small breed dog.  相似文献   

First detection of feline bocaparvovirus 2 and feline chaphamaparvovirus in healthy cats in Turkey     

Abayli  Hasan  Can-Sahna  Kezban 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):127-136

Veterinary Research Communications - The pet cat’s population and the number of viruses that infect them are increasing worldwide. Recently, feline chaphamaparvovirus (FeChPV, also called...  相似文献   

Detrimental effects of pharmaceutical industrial waste on microorganisms     

M. Ajmal  A. Ahmad  M. Z. Hasan  Azhar A. Nomani 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1980,13(4):447-452

Pharmaceutical industrial waste was collected from Ghaziabad (Cooper Pharma Ltd.) and analyzed for color, odor, specific gravity, turbidity, pH, total solids, suspended solids, dissolved solids, volatile solids, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), organic and inorganic nitrogen, sulfur, chlorides, sulfates and phosphates. The detrimental effects of industrial waste on microorganisms were studied in the system with lower and higher volumes of the wastes (0.5–12 ml) using glucose substrate as a source of carbon for microorganisms. The cultures of saprophytic and nitrifying bacteria were grown from sewage and pea gravel, respectively, and tested for their nature.  相似文献   

Reaction of chlorpyrifos-methyl in aqueous hydrogen sulfide/bisulfide solutions     

Jans U  Miah MH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(7):1956-1960

The kinetics of the reactions of chlorpyrifos-methyl, an organophosphorus insecticide, with hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and bisulfide (HS(-)) were determined in well-defined aqueous solutions. The resulting pseudo-first-order rate constant for chlorpyrifos-methyl with bisulfide yielded a second-order rate constant of (2.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-3) M(-1) s(-1). The second-order rate constant for chlorpyrifos-methyl with hydrogen sulfide is significantly slower than the second-order rate constant with bisulfide. The contribution of H(2)S to the observed degradation rate constant of chlorpyrifos-methyl at concentrations of up to 4 mM H(2)S is not significant. The second-order rate constant of chlorpyrifos-methyl with H(2)S was too low to be measured in this study. The results indicate that HS(-) present at environmentally relevant concentrations may represent an important sink for phosphorothionate triesters in a coastal marine environment, while H(2)S reacts too slowly to be environmentally relevant (pH 6-9). Trichloropyridinol, the major product of hydrolysis of chlorpyrifos-methyl, is only a minor product of the reaction of chlorpyrifos-methyl with bisulfide; however, trichloropyridinol was found to be stable under the experimental conditions.  相似文献   

Antibodies to Schmallenberg virus in domestic livestock in Turkey     

Ahmet Kursat Azkur  Harun Albayrak  Ali Risvanli  Zuleyha Pestil  Emre Ozan  Oktay Yılmaz  Sukru Tonbak  Abdullah Cavunt  Hamza Kadı  Hasan Ceyhun Macun  Duygu Acar  Erhan Özenç  Sidal Alparslan  Hakan Bulut 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(8):1825-1828

This, partly retrospective study, was designed to determine the seroprevalence of Schmallenberg virus (SBV), a new Orthobunyavirus first reported in Germany in late 2011, in domestic ruminants from the Middle Black Sea, West, and Southeast regions of Turkey. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to screen serum samples collected from slaughterhouse animals between 2006 and 2013. The overall seroprevalence was 335/1,362 (24.5 %) with 325/816 (39.8 %), 5/307 (1.6 %), 3/109 (2.8 %), and 2/130 (1.5 %) recorded in cattle, sheep, goats, and Anatolian water buffalo, respectively. This is the first study to demonstrate the presence of antibodies to SBV in Turkish ruminants; it indicates that cattle are more susceptible to infection than sheep, goats, or buffalo and that exposure of domestic ruminants to SBV in Turkey may have occurred up to 5 years prior to the first recorded outbreak of the disease in 2011.  相似文献   

Physical and mechanical properties of jute, bamboo and coir natural fiber     

Subhankar Biswas  Qumrul Ahsan  Ahmed Cenna  Mahbub Hasan  Azman Hassan 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(10):1762-1767

A systematic study has been carried out to investigate the mechanical and physical properties of jute, bamboo and coir (brown and white) single fibers. The tensile properties (tensile strength, Young’s modulus and strain to failure) were determined by varying span length. Scanning electron microscopic analysis was also carried out to determine the physical properties of fibers in order to correlate with its strength, Young’s modulus and strain to failure. The Young’s modulus and strain to failure were corrected using newly developed equations. The study revealed that with increasing test span length the Young’s modulus increased and tensile strength as well as strain to failure decreased. This is because no extensometer could be used in this test set-up and machine displacement (denoted by α) was used for the modulus determination. It is also attributed that larger span length helps to minimize the machine displacement compared to smaller ones due to the reduced relative effect of slippage in the clamps. Among all fibers, the Young’s modulus of bamboo fiber was the highest. Jute fiber had smoother surface compared to other three examined fibers.  相似文献   

Effects of Different Factors on Water Flow and Solute Transport Investigated by Time Domain Reflectometry in Sandy Clay Loam Field Soil     

Hasan Merdun 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(8):4905-4923

Factors affecting preferential flow and transport in the vadose zone need to be investigated by experiments and simulations to protect groundwater against surface applied chemicals. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of several factors (soil structure, initial soil water content (SWC), and application rate) and their interactions on the extent of preferential flow and transport in a sandy clay loam field soil using the time domain reflectometry (TDR) for measuring SWC and electrical conductivity (EC) in 12 treatments, modeling (by HYDRUS-1D and VS2DTI) the measured SWC and EC, and conducting statistical tests for comparing the means of the measured and modeled SWC and EC and solute transport parameters (pore water velocity and dispersion coefficient) obtained by inversely fitting in the CXTFIT program. The study results showed that the applied solution moved faster in the undisturbed, wet initial SWC, and higher application rate experimental conditions than in the disturbed, dry initial SWC, and lower application rate, respectively, based on the analysis of the changes in TDR measured SWC and EC with depth at 1, 2, 5, and 15?h of the experiments. However, the effects of interactive factors or treatments on water flow and solute transport were not clear enough. The modeling results showed that HYDRUS-1D was better than VS2DTI in the estimation of EC and especially SWC, but overall the models had relatively low performances in the simulations. Statistical test results also showed that the treatments had different flow and transport characteristics because they were divided into different groups in terms of the means of SWC and EC and solute transport parameters. These results suggest that similar experiments with more distinct interactions and modeling studies with different approaches need to be considered for better understanding the complex flow and transport processes in the vadose zone.  相似文献